Case Categories: Secondary Effects Doctrine

• City of Erie v. Pap's A.M. (2000)

  The Supreme Court used the secondary effects test to uphold a public nudity ban, noting the city’s aim to reduce negative impacts on public health and safety...

• City of Los Angeles v. Alameda Books (2002)

  The Supreme Court in 2002 ruled that Los Angeles could rely on a study showing the crime impact of adult businesses to justify law prohibiting them in one area...

• City of Renton v. Playtime Theatres, Inc. (1986)

  The Supreme Court held in 1986 that zoning laws aimed at undesirable secondary effects of sexually oriented businesses may not violate the First Amendment. The...

• Young v. American Mini Theatres (1976)