Case Categories: Secondary Effects Doctrine

• City of Erie v. Pap's A.M. (2000)

  City of Erie v. Pap’s A.M. (2000) used the secondary effects doctrine to uphold a public nudity ban, saying the ban did not violate the First Amendment...

• City of Los Angeles v. Alameda Books (2002)

  City of Los Angeles v. Alameda Books (2002) ruled that cities could rely on studies showing the crime impact of adult businesses to zone them without violating...

• City of Renton v. Playtime Theatres, Inc. (1986)

  City of Renton v. Playtime Theaters (1986) said that zoning laws aimed at undesirable secondary effects of sexually oriented businesses may not violate the...

• Young v. American Mini Theatres (1976)

  In 1976, the Supreme Court introduced the secondary effects doctrine in upholding zoning of adult businesses in Detroit. In Young v. American Mini Theaters, the...